To highlight the wide range of publications reviewed in Choice, each month Choice editors feature some noteworthy reviews from the current issue.

Arab Detroit 9/11: life in the terror decade, ed. by Nabeel Abraham, Sally Howell, and Andrew Shryock.  Wayne State, 2011.  413p bibl index afp; ISBN 9780814335000 pbk, $24.95.
49-3438 F575  2011-16273 CIP

This incredible text is an update published ten years after the first report, Arab Detroit (CH, Feb’01, 38-3592). It charts at once a completely different metropolitan area and also examines the preparedness of a community for a decade of terror. While many Americans think of the last decade as terror visited on the US from outside, Arabs and Muslims in metropolitan Detroit experienced a decade of terror from within the US. Prior to WW II, members of these Arabic-speaking communities were referred to as Syrians, Turks, Lebanese, and Mohammedans. After WW II and the creation of the state of Israel, they were grouped together and evolved into Arab Americans and Muslims. After 2001, they all became Muslim and potential terrorists, despite their largely Christian heritage. The vast networks of US security terrorism and counterterrorism forces set up one of their central headquarters in Detroit. The absence of data prevented researchers from providing numbers of the detained and deported, so the contributors used information gleaned from the research of other scholars. The writing is clear and compelling. In chapters on the history of the community in Detroit featuring interviews with residents, demographics, and reflections by Christians and Muslims, the editors have assembled an outstanding, must-read volume. Summing Up: Essential. All levels/libraries. — A. B. McCloud, DePaul University

Baumeister, Roy F.  Willpower: rediscovering the greatest human strength, by Roy F. Baumeister and John Tierney.  Penguin Press, 2011.  291p index;
ISBN 9781594203077, $27.95.
49-3547 BF632   2011-13944 CIP

Baumeister (psychology, Florida State Univ.) and Tierney (a science writer) address a fundamental issue of relevance to all. Bringing to the discussion a combination of common sense, historical analysis, and contemporary examples, the authors paint a vivid picture of successful and unsuccessful efforts to “wield” willpower and of why understanding willpower is so important. Readers may be surprised by the role willpower has played throughout history and across cultures. For example, parents may think their struggles (vis-^D’a-vis their children) with self-control and willpower issues are new and unique in comparison to the struggles of their parents or grandparents. In fact, the authors point out, these challenges are neither new nor unique–though the issues may seem to have changed with the passage of time and progress of technology. The authors argue that willpower and self-control are primary issues behind much of human endeavor and conflict, and they offer simple, straightforward methods for exerting this finite resource more successfully. They use historical examples to build a solid, convincing foundation for the points they raise, but the book is not “scholarly” in the sense of citing research to support every point. In the end, this is a fun, informative book for casual readers. Summing Up: Highly recommended. Professionals; general readers. —  R. E. Osborne, Texas State University–San Marcos

Beamish, Rob.  Steroids: a new look at performance-enhancing drugs.  Praeger, 2011.  211p bibl index afp; ISBN 9780313380242, $44.95;
e-book ISBN 9780313380259, contact publisher for price.
49-3317 RC1230 2011-10791 CIP

Beamish (sociology, Queen’s University, Ontario, Canada) provides broad background, historical review, and unique sociological perspectives on a variety of subjects that intersect with sport and performance-enhancing drugs. He looks at the development of the Olympic Games; formalization and urbanization of recreational sports; the growth of capitalism; the rise of the nation-state and national pride in athletic accomplishments; the Cold War and the East/West controversy; and the social construction of attitudes and beliefs about steroids and the war on drugs. The author explains how the elite Olympic amateur athlete, who ideally participated for the communal effort and not personal gain, became today’s individualistic, scientifically engineered professional. He dispels the Nazi-steroid myth and questions the demonization and criminalization of anabolic androgenic steroids. He summarizes important US legislation and politics surrounding steroids and doping, and considers Canadian policy, including moral and ethical aspects of sport examined by the Dubin commission. Other highlights include discussion of the World Anti-Doping Agency, the BALCO scandal, the so-called Mitchell Report, and sensational media coverage. The book is well researched and referenced; Beamish reanalyzes available literature, offers different and courageous viewpoints, clarifies misinformation, and warns of unintended consequences of banning steroids. Valuable for those interested in the sociology of sport. Summing Up: Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through faculty. — E. R. Paterson, emeritus, SUNY College at Cortland

Bronstein, Carolyn.  Battling pornography: the American feminist anti-pornography movement, 1976-1986.  Cambridge, 2011.  360p bibl index; ISBN 9780521879927, $85.00; ISBN 9781107400399 pbk, $25.99.
49-3562  HQ471  2010-43981 CIP

Bronstein (media studies, DePaul Univ.) traces the history of the anti-pornography feminism movement to the social and cultural context of the late 1960s and 1970s. She is particularly interested in the impact of sexually violent images that appeared in media during this period. The author did extensive archival research, and she provides an eloquent depiction of the social environment that allowed the movement to gain momentum. She also reveals the inner workings and dynamics of three feminism media-reform organizations: Women against Violence against Women, Women against Violence in Pornography and Media, and Women against Pornography (the last two no longer in existence). Bronstein references Andrea Dworkin, Catharine MacKinnon, and other prominent feminists involved in the movement; she also uses letters written by religious leaders, organizational members, and the general public to show how pornographic images affected women at the time. This in-depth, meticulous examination of these groups and of key anti-pornography feminists also looks at how other feminists, including pro-sex feminists (i.e., those who defend pornography), reacted to the anti-pornography movement. Summing Up: Highly recommended. Lower-division undergraduates through faculty. — Y. Kiuchi, Michigan State University

Denny, Mark.  Engineering animals: how life works, by Mark Denny and Alan McFadzean.  Belknap, Harvard, 2011.  385p bibl index afp; ISBN 9780674048546, $35.00.
49-3246  QP31  2010-51355 CIP

This wonderful book is a joy to read and will be of interest to both engineers and biologists. Denny, a former aerospace engineer and prolific author (Their Arrows Will Darken the Sun, CH, Sep’11, 49-0228; Froth!, CH, Feb’10, 47-3116; etc.), and McFadzean, an independent consultant, have built upon their training in both engineering and physics to produce a superbly written work; the explanations of engineering principles at the heart of animal design are entertaining, intuitive, insightful, and concise. The authors show how simple physical principles may have influenced natural selection, driving animal design along a particular path. The first part of the book deals with structure and movement. With minimal use of equations, the text considers topics such as walking, flying, swimming, energy relations, the structure of skeletons, and neuronal control systems. The second section deals with remote sensing and includes chapters on chemoreception, hearing, sound production, sonar in animals, photoreception, and navigation. Simple schematic diagrams used throughout the book explain complex phenomena involved in areas such as biological signal processing and optics. Summing Up: Highly recommended. All levels/libraries. — M. J. O’Donnell, McMaster University

Encyclopedia of creativity, ed. by Mark A. Runco and Steven R. Pritzker.  2nd ed.  Elsevier/Academic Press, 2011.  2v bibl index; ISBN 9780123750396, $400.00.
49-3009  BF408  2011-922759 MARC

This two-volume second edition of the Encyclopedia of Creativity is no mere update of the first (CH, Mar’00, 37-3635). All the articles are revised versions of those in the earlier edition, and appear to be much more in depth and comprehensive in scope. This work is ambitious in that it not only covers professions embodying creativity (acting, dance, film, music, theater, writing), but also features discussions of thought processes (intelligence, knowledge, play, prodigies), education (programs, courses, talent, teaching), and cognition (altered states, attention, cognitive styles, flow, metacognition, problem solving). Other topics include personal/interpersonal creativity, neuroscience, theoretical perspectives, mental/physical health issues, and organizational/societal topics. Also included are biographies of creative, eminent figures (none of whom are living), but they seem out of sync with the rest of the content. Arranged alphabetically by subject, articles offer outlines, glossaries, cross-references, further reading suggestions, and lists of relevant websites. Volume 2 has a detailed index. Whereas this work focuses on current ideas, the Encyclopedia of Giftedness, Creativity, and Talent, edited by Barbara Kerr (CH, Dec’09, 47-1781), is more basic, providing historical contexts for the creativity concepts covered. This new encyclopedia, which is also available through ScienceDirect http://www.sciencedirect.com/, will be a valuable resource for students, researchers, teachers, educators, scientists, and professionals who address creativity in their work. Summing Up: Highly recommended. Lower-level undergraduates and above; general readers. — S. A. Ariew, University of South Florida

EVIA Digital Archive Project, from Indiana University and the University of Michigan.  Internet Resource.
https://media.eviada.org/eviadasb/home.html
49-3044

[Visited Nov’11] This website features unedited, annotated, ethnographic field video representing religious, ethnic, and cultural groups worldwide. Collections span several decades. Content includes music, dance, everyday life, important events, and interviews; examples range from Haitian Vodou rites to Turkish marriage to Malaysian traditional music. Detailed annotations add greatly to the archive’s value. With funding from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, the EVIA Project is a collaboration of scholars, librarians, archivists, software developers, and legal experts at Indiana University and the University of Michigan, working together to preserve cultural images and sounds recorded by field ethnographers. These films might otherwise be lost due to the poor archival life of many recording formats. Collections are selected by an editorial committee, and annotations undergo scholarly review. Collections are intended for educational/research purposes, with access generally through university IP ranges; other researchers can request access when they create an account.

Excellent site navigation includes advanced search options. Users may browse by category (depositors, geography, instruments, venue, genre, etc.). As collections grow, organization of the geographic, language, social, and cultural group subdivisions by continent and then country (instead of strictly alphabetically) would be helpful. Project staff have developed software for depositors to create and annotate collections and for discovery. Annotations include descriptions of the collection, event, and scene, as well as depositor biographies, collection outlines, and transcripts. The myEVIA page allows users to create playlists and specify settings. The only similar resource is Alexander Street’s Ethnographic Video Online (CH, Nov’11, 49-1229), with about 700 anthropological film classics and a hefty price tag. With its focus on unedited segments, preservation, and free access, the EVIA Project fills a vital niche. Although still growing (now nearing 50 collections), this website is an indispensable resource for programs in visual anthropology, ethnography, ethnomusicology, and related areas. Summing Up: Essential. Lower-level undergraduates and above. — M. Cedar Face, Southern Oregon University

Grob, Rachel.  Testing baby: the transformation of newborn screening, parenting, and policy making.  Rutgers, 2011.  272p bibl index afp; ISBN 9780813551357, $75.00; ISBN 9780813551364 pbk, $27.95.
49-3289  RJ255   2010-49959 CIP

Newborn screening is a most interesting area that impacts each and every individual in countless ways. In this truly inspiring work, Grob (Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison) has captured what others have not been able to write about the topic. She poignantly identifies the sociological consequences that screening has on individuals, parents, and society. The interviews are quite interesting and definitely thought-provoking. It is difficult not to view any of these parent-infant situations as personal, since everyone has been touched by so many of these issues either as a health care professional or through their own experiences or with a family member or friend. The author includes an impressive, comprehensive reference list at the end of the book, along with detailed notes regarding her research as well as her interviews. This book is must reading for everyone interested in policy making, and anyone interested in being at least a “tiny bit prepared” for the possibility of receiving bad or good news, depending on how it is presented and how an individual views it. It is also mandatory for healthcare professional students or graduates who may be confronted with these types of issues with their patients. Summing Up: Essential. Upper-division undergraduates through professionals; general readers.
— S. C. Grossman, Fairfield University

Hamermesh, Daniel S.  Beauty pays: why attractive people are more successful.  Princeton, 2011.  216p index afp ISBN 0-691-14046-4, $24.95; ISBN 9780691140469, $24.95.
49-3368  HF5386  2011-13548 CIP

For the last 20 years, Texas economist Hamermesh has been intrigued by, and has contributed significant research on, what one may term “The Economics of Beauty” (which, perhaps no accident, is the title of the first chapter and the overall theme of Beauty Pays). This short, provocative, engaging volume takes its audience through the author’s previous work and contemporary data, analyses, and impact of being considered good-looking by others on one’s labor-market outcomes (employment and compensation); in the social world of friends and family; and even the extent to which one’s happiness is affected by the presence (or absence) of looks. Hamermesh thus complements other “discrimination” literature and findings on more conventional dimensions–age, race, gender, and even height–by adding physical attractiveness to the mix. He also tiptoes into the legal and public policy waters to ponder appropriate protections for those who drew nature’s short stick (or in this case, its ugly stick). Whether at the beach, on an airplane, or in the seminar room, Beauty Pays pays handsome dividends for intelligent lay readers, scholars, and public policy decision makers. Solid notes; superb index. See related, Deborah Rhode’s The Beauty Bias: The Injustice of Appearance in Life and Law (CH, May’11, 48-5378). Summing Up: Highly recommended. All readership levels. — A. R. Sanderson, University of Chicago

International politics of the Persian Gulf, ed. by Mehran Kamrava.  Syracuse, 2011.  374p bibl index afp; ISBN 9780815632801, $34.95.
49-3513  DS326 2011-11777 CIP

This informative collection of studies testifies to the growing geostrategic significance of the Persian Gulf and its profound transformation. A product of meetings at the Center for International and Regional Studies in Doha, Qatar, the book opens with Kamrava’s overview of factors contributing to changes in the Gulf s security system, followed by J. E. Peterson’s causal typology to explain evolution of boundaries and border disputes. Fred Lawson identifies four security dilemmas shaping regional politics that can be managed but not resolved; hence the founding of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), which Steven Wright and Joseph Kostiner see as failing to forge united foreign and military policies. Mohammed Ayoub traces US hegemonic policies to quagmires in Iraq and Afghanistan. Daniel L. Byman examines the destabilizing regional consequences of the US invasion of Iraq, and F. Gregory Gause outlines Saudi Arabia’s regional security strategy. Kamrava identifies consistent themes in Iran’s foreign politics shaped by Saudi and US policies. N. Janardhan details the growing economic relations between Gulf States and India and China. Katia Niethammer analyzes reform experiments implemented by all GCC states and their impact on foreign policy. An insightful volume; important reading for diplomats, scholars, policy makers, analysts, and students. Summing Up: Highly recommended. All readership levels. — R. H. Dekmejian, University of Southern California

MacGilvray, Eric.  The invention of market freedom.  Cambridge, 2011.  205p index; ISBN 9781107001367, $90.00; ISBN 9780521171892 pbk, $26.99.
49-3523  JC585  2010-46721 CIP

The neoliberal verities of free markets and personal choice dominate contemporary political discourse. MacGilvray (Ohio State Univ.) attributes this influence to their “ability to speak in the language and with the authority of freedom.” Given the hostility to markets and self-interest in the original articulations of political virtue and personal freedom in classical and early modern civic republicanism, the defense of market freedom required its proponents to exploit ambiguities and tensions in this tradition. And crosscutting this story is that of an egalitarian and cosmopolitan juristic and natural law tradition, with both ancient and Christian antecedents, that proved useful in the defense of market freedom. The rise (and threat) first of commerce and then of industrialism and democracy provided the opportunity both for creating a “market synthesis” from tensions among these earlier ideas and for displacing civic republicanism as the ideology of freedom. This displacement has been challenged by political theorists, most recently by Dean Mathiowetz, Appeals to Interest (CH, Feb’12, 49-3524), and Duncan Kelly, The Propriety of Liberty (2010). MacGilvray’s informed analysis complements these studies. Summing Up: Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduate, graduate, and research collections. — E. J. Eisenach, emeritus, University of Tulsa

Marsh, John.  Class dismissed: why we cannot teach or learn our way out of inequality.  Monthly Review, 2011.  255p index afp; ISBN 9781583672440, $85.00; ISBN 9781583672433 pbk, $19.95.
49-3392  LC4091  2011-15008 CIP

Writing as an engaged public intellectual, Marsh (English, Pennsylvania State Univ.) argues that education, from preschool through graduate school, should not be viewed as a panacea for America’s economic and social ills. Instead, he calls for a drastic decrease in poverty and inequality as a more potent elixir. Marsh marshals ample historical and empirical evidence to bolster his case–one he shares with such critics as Samuel Boyles and Herbert Gintis (Schooling in Capitalist America, 1976) and Richard Rothstein (Class and Schools, CH, Sep’05, 43-0465; Grading Education, CH, Jul’09,
46-6339). Marsh’s forceful, erudite treatment lays bare the fact that the US seems largely unwilling to change underlying social structures that sustain poverty and inequitable life chances. Though his thesis is not especially novel (see, for example, Christopher Jencks et al., Inequality: Reassessment of the Effects of Family and Schooling in America, 1972), the drumbeat of his important message needs to be amplified in a nation widely deaf to it. Summing Up: Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates and above. — J. L. DeVitis, Old Dominion University

McFadden, Susan H.  Aging together: dementia, friendship, and flourishing communities, by Susan H. McFadden and John T. McFadden.  Johns Hopkins, 2011.  235p bibl index afp; ISBN 9780801899867, $55.00.
49-3553  RC521 2010-45133 CIP

Unprecedented numbers of aging baby boomers are receiving the dreaded diagnosis of dementia. Susan McFadden (psychology, Univ. of Wisconsin, Oshkosh) and John McFadden (chaplain with Goodwill Industries of North Central Wisconsin) boldly dispel the interpretation of cognitive decline as a personal tragedy to be grieved and instead propose that aging should be a journey involving others. As they lead the reader along “the dementia road,” the authors attempt to replace fear and anxiety with the courage and commitment to include those who are willing to walk into the land of forgetfulness with the sufferer. They cast a vision of a “flourishing community” that cultivates creative venues to honor all relationships, in sickness and in health–in so doing widening the lens to include many dimensions of friendship. A provocative discussion of Aristotle’s definition of a virtuous friendship provides ancient philosophical underpinnings in the conversation on friendship. McFadden and McFadden present contemporary psychological theories (e.g., those of Robert Atchley, Laura Carstensen, Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi) that support the need to address innovative intergenerational programs and initiatives within friendship networks and faith-based communities. This must-read volume will inspire the reader to contemplate the call to care for others with self-giving love. Summing Up: Highly recommended. All readers. — S. Durr, Macon State College

Mullner, Ross M.  Health and medicine.  SAGE Publications, 2011.  339p bibl index  (The Sage reference series on disability: key issues and future directions, 1) ISBN 1-4129-8110-7, $70.00; ISBN 9781412981101, $70.00.
49-3054  HV1568 2011-7693 CIP

The World Health Organization and World Bank estimate that 17 percent of the world’s population experiences disability. Fully weaving this population into the fabric of society is vital for the economic well-being of all, as well as for the individuals experiencing disability. This is the first in an eight-volume series titled “The SAGE Reference Series on Disability,” which focuses on disability issues in various aspects of life. Each volume in the series follows a common pattern, with chapters on background and history, current issues and solutions, a chronology of critical events, biographies of key contributors to the field, annotated data and statistics, an annotated list of related organizations, a list of selected resources, glossary, and index. Undergraduates and the general public are the targeted audiences. The issues raised by Mullner (Univ. of Illinois–Chicago) in the realm of health care include access (barriers of transportation, architecture, medical equipment, and patient-provider communication), cost (employment difficulties, insurance), quality (difficulty in measuring quality), outcomes (disability-adjusted life years, condition-specific measures), and recent reform legislation (impact for those with disabilities). Statistics presented are from various agencies of the federal government, the American Hospital Association, and the American Medical Association. Most of the data are from the years 2005-08. This series promises to become a standard reference in disability studies, and this volume makes a meaningful beginning. Summing Up: Essential. Lower- and upper-level undergraduates, professionals/practitioners, and general readers.
— T. R. Faust, Vermont Department of Libraries

Nasar, Sylvia.  Grand pursuit: the story of economic genius.  Simon & Schuster, 2011.  555p index; ISBN 9780684872988, $35.00.
49-3371  HB75   2011-24751 CIP

Robert Heilbroner’s The Worldly Philosophers (1953; 7th ed., 1999) educated generations with its sweeping story of how great economists from Adam Smith to John Maynard Keynes accounted for the ways of the modern economy. Nasar’s Grand Pursuit is a worthy successor to Heilbroner’s story, but her tale is both more and less ambitious than Heilbroner’s. Her focus is narrower, for one thing, but, as a consequence, it is richer and teaches more about economics. Nasar (Columbia Univ. School of Journalism), a former economics journalist, now gives a grand but not overly generalized story of the ideas of a set of thinkers who transformed economics in the 20th century. Beginning really with Alfred Marshall and the Webbs, Nasar provides a history of the interlocking relationship of ideas among Joseph Schumpeter, John Maynard Keynes, F. A. Hayek, Joan Robinson, and Amartya Sen. Her story tells readers that there is more to the 20th century than the Keynes-Hayek debate (compare to Nicholas Wapshott’s Keynes Hayek, CH, Jan’12, 49-2797). Summing Up: Highly recommended. All readership levels. — R. B. Emmett, James Madison College, Michigan State University

Oppenheimer, Clive.  Eruptions that shook the world.  Cambridge, 2011.  392p bibl index; ISBN 9780521641128, $30.00.
49-3275  QE522  2011-4246 CIP

Fascination with volcanoes–the awe, the fear, the sheer magnitude, and people’s wonderment–increases as humankind is forced to deal with the world-shaking consequences of volcanic eruptions. Here, volcanologist Oppenheimer (Univ. of Cambridge, UK) explores the entanglement of human history and volcanic activity with rare and insightful brilliance. Forensic geology, archaeology, and paleoenvironmental analyses reveal a rich record of volcanism interacting with human evolution. Major subjects covered in the volume’s 14 chapters include how volcanoes work; eruption styles, hazards, and environmental consequences; volcanic activity and climate change; forensics; myths; and origins of humans and impacts of historical changes. The book also contains selected examples related to human health and climate effects, and concludes with a chapter titled “Volcanic Catastrophe Risk.” An outstanding list of over 300 references combined with select photographs and excellent maps support the text. This book should be on the shelves of all volcanologists, historians, and environmental planners. It is a lively read for all citizens concerned with human futures. Summing Up: Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates and above; general readers.
— T. L. T. Grose, emeritus, Colorado School of Mines

The People’s Republic of China at 60: an international assessment, ed. by William C. Kirby.  Harvard University Asia Center, 2011.  418p afp; ISBN 9780674060647 pbk, $29.95.
49-3419  DS779  2010-53900 CIP

These impressive conference papers by China specialists from across the world offer instructive views on the 60-year history of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). From varied angles and in different tongues, the contributors discuss in fine interdisciplinary fashion important political, social, and cultural aspects of the PRC from 1949 to 2009. As a historical backdrop, editor Kirby (Harvard) provides a succinct introduction explaining the myth and lessons of contemporary China in general and pre-1949 Nationalist China in particular. Some of the contributors explain the ruthless political movements and utopian campaigns for economic development taken by the ideologically intoxicated Chinese Communist leadership and Mao Zedong until 1976. Scholars dwell on the post-1978 reforms that Deng Xiaoping launched as a practical way to reconstruct China and shore up Chinese Communist legitimacy as a ruling party. Other topics include the nature of post-1949 Chinese society, the PRC’s survival as a party-state during the Maoist period and after, and how the Chinese Communist Party has sought to hold on to power. For a balanced, realistic understanding of China’s past, present, and future, this assemblage of academic musings calls for a new paradigm to substitute for the conventionally Western-centered way of looking at China. Summing Up: Highly recommended. All levels/libraries. — G. Zheng, Angelo State University

Yes Africa can: success stories from a dynamic continent, ed. by Punam Chuhan-Pole and Manka Angwafo.  World Bank, 2011.  477p bibl; ISBN 9780821387450 pbk, $49.95.
49-3380  HC800  2011-14918 CIP

Yes Africa Can is a team effort from a large number of World Bank staff, consultants, academics, and others in Africa, Europe, and North America (some identified by post and affiliation, most not). The stated purpose of this collection is to “change the narrative” about Africa to stimulate “the media and filmmakers to seek out and tell more of Africa’s many success stories.” It is more likely to change the perceptions of students and other nonspecialists about Africa’s economic record. The volume contains 26 “success stories” including macroeconomic turnarounds, highly specific case studies (like mango exports and M-Pesa mobile phone payments), and broader issues such as malaria control. Inevitably in a volume that is avowedly in part propaganda, there is some rather selective use of evidence and choice of time periods to strengthen the stories’ support for the World Bank’s message. Nevertheless, there is much data and analysis here that would be extremely difficult to assemble without this volume, and the bank’s commitment to editing and presentation make for clear exposition, much data, and many figures, all in a fat, large-format volume using color throughout. Excellent value, even if specialists will find much detail to carp about. Summing Up: Highly recommended. All readership levels. — J. H. Cobbe, Florida State University

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